Essay on Race Relations in the U.S. - 2124 Words

Race Relations in the U.S. Ive discovered the real roots of America these past few days and decided that writing about it was better than killing an innocent victim to soothe the hostility I feel towards my heritage. I picked up a pen because it was safer than a gun. This was a valuable lesson Ive learned from my forefathers, who did both. Others in my country react on instinct and choose not to deliberate the issue as I have. If they are black, they are imprisoned or dead. As The People vs. Simpson storms through its ninth month, the United States awaits the landmark decision that will determine justice. O.J. Simpson would not have had a chance in 1857. Racial segregation, discrimination, and†¦show more content†¦The Declaration of Independence was a white mans document that its author rarely applied to his own or any other slave. Thomas Jefferson suspected blacks were inferior. These suspicions, together with his prophecy that free blacks could not harmoniously co-exist with white men for c enturies to come, are believed to be the primary reasons for his contradictory actions toward the issue of slavery. At the end of the eighteenth century, Jefferson fought the infamous Alien Sedition Acts, which limited civil liberties. As president, he opposed the Federalist court, conspiracies to divide the union, and the economic plans of Alexander Hamilton. Throughout his life, Thomas Jefferson, hypocrite, slave holder, pondered the conflict between American freedom and American slavery. He bought and sold slaves; he advertised for fugitives; he ordered disciplinary lashes with a horse whip. Jefferson understood that he and his fellow slave holders benefited financially and culturally from the sweat of theirShow MoreRelatedRole Race Played In Americas Interaction With The World758 Words   |  4 Pagesand international developments on the issue of race, which had a tremendous implication on U.S. foreign relations. His thorough understanding of American racial and cultural histo ry makes him an exceptional authority on race relations of Presidents Harry S. Truman to George H. Bush. Arguably, the struggle against racial prejudices and against apartheid in South Africa, was one of immense struggle, and had a tremendous impact on U.S. foreign relations with that country, and its colonial imperialismRead MoreAbnormal Factors Of Foreign Relations856 Words   |  4 PagesAbnormal Factors in Foreign Relations. Scholars usually mention about government or economics insteads of gender and race in their studies about foreign relations. Gender and race are stated as atypical factors in this field. Laura McEnaney and Michael Krenn seek the historical evidence to prove their thesis that gender and race are vital in forming foreign relation in the United States. Because gender, race and foreign relation seem not related to each other, choosing the example plays a vitalRead MoreThe Fight For Freedom And Equality904 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is something in the news regarding race relations. The fight for freedom and equality has been a long road involving numerous amounts of peaceful protests, legislation, and preaching. Even with the success of the civil rights movement, racism still exists in our country today and it is the responsibility of legislatures and citizens a like to make a difference. Over the past six months or so there have three extremely hot topics regarding race relations in T he United States of America. TheseRead MorePersonal Narrative : My American Experience1750 Words   |  7 Pagesabroad one is able to learn different issues about another society such as gender and sexuality issues, social class and race/ethnicity issues. Having come from a developing country studying in the U.S.A has been a great experience personally. This paper will attempt to provide a reflection of my personal experience on studying in the U.S by comparing the history of Angola and the U.S. Living in America has been a life changing experience. I come to the United State of America on a government scholarshipRead MoreThe Los Angeles Riots And The Conflict Between Korean Americans And African Americans1514 Words   |  7 Pagesminority groups might be hostile towards each other. These antagonisms between minority groups in the U.S. have been a product of obstacles and structures placed on them. Some of the problems and structures that have led to antagonism between groups of color have first been with the way race is perceived, mainly in a black and white paradigm. There has also been an avoidance to connect class rather than race as another structure that causes tensions between groups. Tactics from the dominant groups (whites)Read MoreEssay About Race In America1667 Words   |  7 PagesThe Talk About Race in America Race, or the major factor used to divide and group humans impacts the lives of many worldwide, especially since the connotation of race makes the term extremely controversial. Moreover, many people argue that race relations are improving, whereas critics claim that they will never change for the better. Various studies show that race can be recognized by many individuals as early as six months old. Additionally, Djamba and Kimuna, two scholars from the InternationalRead MoreRacism Is The Product Of Ignorance And Fear1334 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Race isn’t a thing it’s all made up, it’s a social construct it’s a way to separate us and destroy us† – Hari Kondabolo. Racism can never be eradicated from society, it only has evolved. This injustice is the product of ignorance and fear. With fear it is difficult to make rational decisions. It is a lie that ignorance is bliss, a lack of knowledge provides room for error. Both Kondabolu and Chap pelle videos tackled the issue of race. Each video although comedic, dealt with race as an issue ofRead MoreEssay On The Space Race755 Words   |  4 PagesSpace is infinite. The Space Race was a historical competition between the Soviet Union and the United States for the first humans to reach the moon. Taking place during 1957-1975, the Space Race showcased the determination between the two nations to display who had the superior science and technology knowledge. After the Russians created the first satellite, the United States felt threatened that the Soviet Union would have military control over space and began to race against their rivals. The moneyRead MoreRace and Ethnicity in the United States Still Matters1287 Words   |  6 PagesRace and ethnicity is a main factor in the way we identify others and ourselves. The real question here is does race/ethnicity still matter in the U.S.? For some groups race is not a factor that affects them greatly and for others it is a consta nt occurrence in their mind. But how do people of mix race reacts to this concept, do they feel greatly affected by their race? This is the question we will answer throughout the paper. I will first examine the battle of interracial relationship throughoutRead MoreRelationship Between The Cold War And Global White Supremacy853 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship between the Cold War and global white supremacy is clear from Borstelmann’s writing. He demonstrates how the improvement of race relations both domestic and foreign were a necessity. If the U.S. did not fix how potential allies (specifically all post colonial countries) viewed the U.S., communism was sure to spread. Although Latham does not identify race as a reason for modernization both Latham and Borstelmann show that Aligning with these posts countries was necessary to prevent communism

Pips Childhood in Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay

Pips Childhood in Charles Dickens Great Expectations In the first five chapters of Charles Dickens Great Expectations, we follow the life of a young boy, Phillip Pirrip - Pip for short, in early nineteenth century England. A time when England was in industrial revolution and when the rapid growth of cities brought social divisions between class - rich and poor. The British government fearing a revolution, maintained a harsh regime. In Great Expectations, Dickens writes about this and conveys attitudes towards children, most especially Pip and the severity and turbulence of his childhood. Dickens is able to convey Pips youth and the nature of his childhood through the language, use of†¦show more content†¦Pip is unable to see his parents appearances due to the non existence of photography, he therefore imagines his father as a square, stout, dark man and his mother as freckled and sickly due to nothing more than the appearance of the letters inscribed upon their tombstones. An adult would not usually draw this kind of conclu sion from a tombstones lettering and so we begin to understand Pips immaturity. A very detailed description of the setting is given in which Dickens informs the reader that Pip is standing in the graveyard looking observing a Dark flat wilderness beyond the churchyard, intersected with dykes and mounds and gates, with scattered cattle feeding on it, was the marshes; and the distant savage lair from which the wind was rushing, was the sea, this all builds up to create the impression of a harsh forbidding setting and we discover that the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry, was Pip this all adds up to make us feel sorry for Pip and conveys the impression of a small, scared, lonely and insecure boy. Pip is then caught by surprise and has a chance encounter with an escaped convict, named Magwitch, who goes on to shape much of Pips life. Pips immaturity, irony and exaggeration is conveyed during this encounter. Pip seems to rigid with terror as the fearful man questions him and orders him about. The convict is able toShow MoreRelatedSocial Class Of The Victorian Era1282 Words   |  6 Pagesof the most important social reformers during the Victorian Era was Charles Dickens. Growing up in a poor, working class family, Dickens knew about the harsh realities that spawned from the social class system present. His writing reflects these experiences and attempts to expose this harsh system and other big problems prominent in Victorian society. Pip is a character that experiences some of these realities in Great Expectations. Pip initially lets his social status define him and must then go throughRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations964 Words   |  4 PagesOliveros British Literature H February 24, 2016 TITLE Throughout Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations, minor characters help in the development of Pip and his psychological state. The novel journeys with Pip as he grows from a poor, young boy to an adult in the upper class. Difficult situations, suspense, and dynamic characters fill the novel. Julian Moynahan, a professor emeritus of literature at Rutgers University, analyzed Dickens’ novel and produced excellent parallels between a select few of theRead MoreEssay on Charles Dickens Great Expectations1135 Words   |  5 Pages Great Expectations’ main character, Phillip Pirrip- generally known as Pip- had a rough upbringing as a child. His sister, Mrs. Joe had â€Å"brought him up by hand†, after their parents and five brothers had all been laid to rest many years ago. Another character, Herbert Pocket experienced a bizarre childhood, though in a different manner. Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations develops through the novel following Pip, a young â €Å"common boy† who grew up in the countryside. As he matured so did his loveRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens984 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens utilizes his life for inspiration for the protagonist Pip in his novel Great Expectations. They both struggle with their social standing. Dickens loved plays and theatre and therefore incorporated them into Pip’s life. Dickens died happy in the middle class and Pip died happy in the middle class. The connection Dickens makes with his life to Pip’s life is undeniable. If readers understand Dickens and his upbringing then readers can understand how and why he created Pip’s upbringingRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations972 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel â€Å"Great Expectation† by Charles Dickens, is written from the perspective of an innocent boy, Pip, whose life is faced with different challenges and expectations. Growing up in a small village with a ruthless and violent sister who shows him little love causes him to be sensitive. In essence, the narrator not only begins to yearn for love and acceptance, but he also develops a high desire of becoming a gentleman in order to obtain genuine happiness. According to Pip, being a gentleman isRead MoreAnalysis: Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens951 Words   |  4 Pageslots of care and a happy and loving childhood. Children growing up in this environment will describe their youth as a time of wonder and laughter; they will enjoy the experiences as a child. However, in the Victorian age, this is a completely different story as most children had to go through many hardships and sufferings, in order to satisfy the needs of their family. Great Expectations is set in the Victorian age and Charles Dickens portrays the years of childhood as at time of confusion, darknessRead MoreGreat Expectations: Conflicts Faced Analysis of English Society1535 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Expectations Essay Essay Task: Read Great Expectations by Charles Dickens and write an essay in which you describe the conflicts faced by Pip and the author’s attitude toward English society. Hailed by many as his greatest novel, Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations is a self-narrated story which tells the life of an orphan named Pip, raised by his abusive sister, who leaves behind a childhood of misery and poverty to embark on a journey to become a gentleman after an unnamed benefactorRead MoreGreat Expectations Analysis1614 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Expectations was written by Charles Dickens during the Victorian period and follows the life of Pip, our protagonist, as he works his way up the social hierarchy of the Victorian society. It was first published as series from 1860 to 1861. It is written as a bildungsroman: a genre of writing which pursues the life of a character from their childhood to their adult life. This novel has been hugely influenced by the author’s own life; who also worked his way up the social ladder. The story isRead MoreGreat Expectations1707 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Expectations Human nature is the psychological and social qualities that characterize humankind. Human nature separates humans from the rest of the animal kingdom. The underlining theme of human nature is evident in Great Expectation by Charles Dickens use of his characters. A main characteristic that Dickens displays is friendship. The friendship between Pip and Herbert is strong. Herbert was significant to Pip’s growth in social class and eventual to his revelation. â€Å"Friendship was oneRead MoreSocial Advancement Versus Affection, Loyalty, And Conscience1114 Words   |  5 Pagesand have to work hard to gain the respect of others or of their fellow citizens. In Charles Dickens Great Expectations, the main character Pip realizes this and longs to become a part of the upper class society to receive its perks. This bildungsroman of Pip’s life shows how social advancement is not more important than affection, loyalty, and self conscience through the use of details, symbols and motifs. Pip’s early life is detailed to show that it is not an ideal one. With both his parents deceased

Nursing American Diabetes Association

Question: Discuss about the Nursingfor American Diabetes Association. Answer: Introduction Type2 diabetes is a developing medical issue in the present day as well as United States of America. It is assessed that 25.8 million kids and grown-ups are victims of diabetes in United States of America and among this 23 million has avoidable Type2 diabetes (CDC, 2011). Many surveys have demonstrated that 2 out of 3 people with diabetes encounter heart attacks or strokes causing deaths each year which is more than the rate of death from breast cancers and AIDS collectively (American Diabetes Affiliation, 2012). Investigation have demonstrated that way of lifestyle modifications, for example, changes in the eating habit, every day physical activities and keeping up a healthy mass can inhibit or suspension the occurrence of Type2 diabetes in high-risk individuals (Gillies et al., 2007 and Ramachandran et al., 2006). The danger of this disease reduced by sixty percent with intensive nutritional and exercise interventions and is the initial significant randomized control trial directed by the Finnish Diabetes Avoidance Examine (DPS) bunch (Tuomilehto et al., 2001). Additional studies demonstrated that advantages of lifestyle modifications were kept up in the long-standing continuation trials in the studies of diabetes. But it was not apparent if the rate of diabetes diminished after proceeded with lifestyle modifications or because of enhanced glycemia in the past. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to see if the event of diabetes was as yet diminished following 13 years from the start off lifestyle alteration. The review additionally analyzed the connection between the way of life and clinical factors in diabetes development. This randomized prevention study of diabetes was directed at 5 clinical facilities in Finland, beginning the trial in 1998 and completion in 2001 but proceeded until 2009. The trial comprised of 522 moderately aged, obese male and females with weakened glucose resistance. The experimental group comprised of 265 subjects who got data on weight decrease, dietetic modification, and improved exercise, 7 in person appointments with the dietitian in the 1st year and then at every 3 months accompanied by free administered workout. The control set involved 257 members who were provided with a general lifestyle instructions. Members were checked for diabetes diagnosis in the yearly OGTTs. They were additionally measured on variations in weightiness, food consumption and bodily activities. Members who were free of diabetes after the 4 years of intercession were monitored till the finish of the trial in 2009. The outcomes were evaluated utilizing the numerical assessment of investigation of var iances. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was utilized in both groups to quantity the likelihood of staying out of diabetes. Outcomes of the review undoubtedly demonstrated that adaptations of healthy lifestyle diminished the occurrence of diabetes in the experimental cluster (4.5) contrasted with the control set (7.2) per 100 person years. The balanced HR for the aggregated continuation and post-intercession stages were correspondingly 0.614(95% CI 0.478, 0.789; p0.001) and 0.672 (95% CI0.477, 0.947; p= 0.023). The outcome additionally demonstrated that mean yearly decrease of weight was greater in the experimental cluster (five percent) than the control set (only one percent). The plasma glucose level after fasting and two hours were at lower absolute levels for the experimental set than the control set. Along these lines, the review demonstrated that lifestyle changes of median 4 years can slow the beginning of Type2 diabetes. The comparative danger of emerging diabetes at 9 years follow-up diminished to thirty-eight percent contrasted with the relative hazard (forty-three percent) at 4-year follow-up f or a similar populace. The experimental cluster involved in adequate exercise and nutritional alterations for instance decreased total energy, saturated and non-saturated fatty acids and improved protein and fiber intake than the control cluster and continued on this lifestyle which affirmatively contributed in decreasing the possibility of this disease in the continuation phase. The experiment has the drawback of any longitudinal experiment for instance loss of model to expiry, and drop-off. Similarly, deficiency of objective measures can influence the outcomes as researchers were reliant on self- reports of the subject on nutrition and workout. Conclusion This randomized Finnish diabetes inhibition research evidently designates that lifestyle modification inhibits the danger of developing Type2 diabetes. Lifestyle intervention like weight saving, healthy food and systematic workout have a lifelong influence in inhibiting diabetes in high-risk people. This research indicated that Type2 diabetes can be controlled and prohibited with proper lifestyle alterations. The interventions in the research can be fruitfully executed in outpatient settings and can be utilized by healthcare professionals to raise diabetes awareness. References American Diabetes Association (2012). Diabetes statistics. Retrieved from https:// www.diabetes.org. Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention (2011). National diabetes fact sheet: National estimates and general information on diabetes and pre-diabetes in the United States, 2011. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Gillies, C.L., Abrams, K.R. Lambert, P.C. et al (2007) Pharmacological and lifestyleinterventions to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance: systematic review andmeta-analysis. British Medical Journal. 334, 299-306. Lindstrm, J., Peltonen, M., Eriksson, J.G., Ilanne-Parikka, P., Aunola, S., Keinnen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Uusitupa, M. Tuomilehto, J. (2013). Improved lifestyle and decreased diabetes risk over 13 years: long-term follow-up of the randomized Finnish DiabetesPrevention Study (DPS). Diabetologia. 56,284293. Ramachandran, A., Snehalatha, C., Mary, S., Mukesh, B., Bhaskar, A.D., Vijay, V. (2006). The Indian Diabetes Prevention Program shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1).Diabetologia. 49, 289297.

Influence of Economy Concepts

Introduction (Summary) Economy plays a major role of coordinating the amount and type of goods and services to produce in line with the needs of buyers. Besides, it involves ensuring that there is an efficient money supply to allow the production and purchase of goods and services.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Economy Concepts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different societies organize their economies in different ways. For instance, the Soviet Union ensured that the government was the most instrumental institution in determining the nature, type and quantities of goods produced. In a liberal economy like the US, the government plays the peripheral role in dictating the nature, type and quantity of goods produced. Indeed, the Federal government concerns itself with the production of goods and services only in the public sector. In addition, there is a substantial difference between the microecon omic and macroeconomic processes. While the latter processes are systemic, the former are intentional and are driven by intent and consumer behavior. Macroeconomic processes concern with the ‘economy of aggregates’ that is dependent on the total output of an economy in addition to the rate of unemployment. While many people argue that the government interference in the economy is counterproductive, it is important for government to respond to situations of high unemployment, low output and high prices of goods and services it produces. Besides, government’s intervention is important in countries whose economies are not effective.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Macroeconomics is a sub discipline of economics that focuses on the determinants of employment (or lack of it), output, prices of goods and services and policies that enhance effective money supply . It dwells on gross domestic product (GDP), aggregate planned expenditures (APE) and aggregate supply for funding (ASF). The interplay of the above three parameters reveals the macroeconomic coordination process (MCP). The study of macroeconomics allows the policy makers to erect measures that allow effective running of the economy and provides insights to the future of an economy. It also allows the learners to have a glimpse on the way the economy operates within and without the microeconomic environment. Output Every country has specific factors of production that include land (resources), labor and capital. In order to create goods and services, a country combines the factors of production using the available technology. The process of combining the factors of production is referred to as the production process. This implies that a country can measure the amount of goods and services produced within a specific year using the factors of production. Apparently, the most feasible way to calculate the volume of goods and services produced is through the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The reason is that GDP allows a country to calculate the amount of goods and services produced by relying on the market value. Initially, it was difficult to calculate the aggregate amount of goods and services produced owing to the fact that services and some goods are unquantifiable. In fact, GDP measures the current values (selling prices) of goods and services produced within a country annually. Due to the difficulty in quantifying services, it is important to calculate the value of services at the cost of production. This way, the services will have established market value.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Economy Concepts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, Commerce Department emphasizes on the need to deduct the total payments paid to other governments and avoid multiple counting. Th is is through calculating the final products rather than counting goods sold as raw materials to other producers within the country. Owing to the fact that GDP measures the market value of goods and services produced within a country, it is critical to enhance its accuracy and consistency. The reason is that market values keep changing. As such, GDP changes overtime. This is despite lack of change in the total output and factors of production in an economy. To enhance the accuracy of GDP, Commerce Department uses Prices Level Indexes. The price level index measures the changes in prices overtime. To comprehend the manner in which the prices have changed over a specific period it is important to establish the base year, which will provide the starting point. For instance, Commerce Department uses 2005 as the base year and makes a list of all goods and services produced and their corresponding market values. The list of all goods and services produced makes up the market basket of a c ountry. It is apparent that the prices of goods and services increased by 3.231% according to the Commerce Department from 2005 to 2006. This implies that the cost of goods increased by 1.03231times in 2006. Consequently, the prices increased by 1.02902, 1.02217, 1.00873 and 1.011335 times in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively. These figures indicate the average changes in prices and are referred to as the price indexes. To get the actual changes in prices from 2005 to 2010, Commerce Department multiplies the indexes for the five years. In other words, the prices changed by 1.03231Ãâ€"1.02902Ãâ€"1.02217Ãâ€"1.00873Ãâ€"1.011335, which amounts to approximately 1.10992.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This insinuates that the prices have increased by 10.992% since 2005 through 2010. It is important to point out that a new price index joins the level of prices yearly. GDP of a country therefore represents the amount of goods and services produced in a country. However, it is important to adjust the GDP value in line with the prevalent price indexes in order to get the actual value of the GDP. This is possible by dividing the GDP value by the subsequent price index of the same year. Besides, GDP changes with any change in the quantity of goods produced. However, GDP’s adjusted value rarely changes when there are changes in the interest rates. As such, GDP has to put into account the changes in prices for it to be accurate and conclusive. Income The concept of GDP allows us to understand the gross domestic income (GDY). While the two concepts are distinctive, their values are similar. In other words, it is possible to measure the amount of change that will occur to GDY when G DP increases. The rationale is that GDP and GDY are directly related in the sense that a change in one concept will lead an equal change in the other. As such, production process is the main source of income for governments, businesses and households. GDY is the total amount of all income claims by all workers and institutions within an economy due to their roles in the production process. In an attempt to understand the concept of GDY, it is imperative to analyze various prevalent notions about the idea. First, GDP is the aggregate amount of products that a country produces annually. These products are expected to fetch incomes in future. However, their prices change and it is important to make adjustments that capture those dynamics. Second, it is essential to distinguish the concept of income and money. The two are not synonymous contrary to many notions and usages. As such, the amount of money available in an economy is much less than the actual income. Third, producers and buye rs should access credit in anticipation of sales revenues and incomes respectively. However, producers ought to use credit in a responsibly to avoid a recurrence of recession that engulfed USA and the rest of the world in 2008. Households, businesses and governments are the major recipients of GDY. The amount of income that individuals receive from their participation in the production process is known as disposable income. It includes the wages, royalties and transfers. However, the actual figure of disposable income is derived at when personal taxes and contributions are deducted from the gross income. Household incomes are the largest representing 74% of the US GDY. Business savings are major sources of business incomes. They include allowances on depreciation, retained earnings and revaluations on inventories. The business incomes are approximately 12% of the entire gross domestic income. Finally, government revenues are used in making transfer payments to both business and hous ehold sectors. The net revenues for the government represent total government revenues minus transfer of payments and interest paid on government debt. Due to the importance of stimulating the economy through households and businesses, the government net income has continued to diminish overtime. Besides, the government has transferred payments to people and institutions abroad. This leads to the diminished net income for the government. As aforementioned, it is always true that GDP is equal to gross domestic income (GDY). Besides, it is also true that GDY is equal to disposable income of the household plus business income plus the government income plus the foreign transfers. Hence, there exists enough income to purchase the entire output implying that a change in price will not result to a consequent change in the GDY. In cases of an increase in prices of goods and constant incomes, people are unable to afford similar quantity of goods, as was the case with the previous prices. Co nsequently, rise in incomes without subsequent changes in prices will always imply that one group of the society is better of than another. As such, it is impossible to increase incomes for one group without affecting another in a negative/positive way. Although GDP is always equal to GDY, it does not imply that all income purchases of goods and services. Some of the income goes to savings for future expenditure and some may go to borrowing. In addition, the total output of a country may not be sold or may not be enough for the country. To that extent, there is the need to understand the demand for output given that it might surpass the output or it may be below it. Aggregate Planned Expenditure (APE) of a specific country refers to the amount of consumption (C) plus investment (I) plus government purchases (G) plus exports (X) minus imports (F). Subtracting the exports does not necessarily imply that APE will reduce. The rationale is that all parameters used to calculate APE takes into consideration the imports. Finally, it is important to note that government debt has been typical of numerous government transactions across the world. In the US, the debt continues to rise. Government debt refers to the ability of government to spend more than its revenues. In other words, the government spends more than its revenues by issuing treasury securities that allows it to adjust their maturity. In essence, the government cannot print amount of money that equal its budget in order to increase its spending. As a remedy, the government borrows money from the public by issuing bonds. Currently, the US has huge ability to borrow money to increase its spending which in turn stimulates the economy and GDP. Demand In the previous chapter, it is clear that changes in prices have no direct effects on the aggregate planned expenditure (APE). In other words, changes in prices receive equal changes in incomes. To that end, changes in prices of goods will be compensated fully by t he incomes. In other words, GDP will be equal to APE. However, it is important to evaluate the changes in unemployment levels, output, interest rates and their direct or indirect effect on APE and GDP. At the outset, consumption (C) reflects the amount of disposable income that goes to spending. Despite the income accruing the household amounting to 74%, it is evident that the current spending by household is 90%. This implies that any amount of income that is not consumed or spent in buying goods and services is saved. From the numbers, it is clear that US households spend more than their incomes. Where does the income to spend on goods and services come from? The US households may spend more than their incomes owing to accumulated savings and borrowings in terms of credit. Nonetheless, the households save more than they borrow explaining the discrepancy in incomes and consumption. It is imperative to notice that changes in income ought to influence the trends in consumption. Howev er, the personal wealth and savings may not reveal the changes. It is therefore critical to analyze the changes separately. Another critical factor is that American households will save more when the interest rates are low and save less when they are high. This is ironic, or is it? The rationale is that an individual who would like to save a fixed amount of money will have to contribute less when the interest rates are high than when they fall. In other words, the Americans have a culture of making a fixed-goal savings in terms of contributions towards social security and medical insurance among many other ways of saving. In the case of businesses, it is important to point out that a rise in interest rates will ultimately diminish the level of investment (I) and vice versa. Further, government purchases (G) remain unaffected by various factors including the interest rate. This is dissimilar to transfers made to foreigners. When the US makes more exports than imports, it runs a trade surplus. When the reverse is the case, the country makes a trade deficit. Further, it is critical to highlight that an increase in interest rates will ultimately cause the businesses to increase their imports. In other words, businesses will import more than they export. This implies that an increase in GDP will ultimately result to APE and the vice versa is true. It is therefore true to suppose that the impact of GDP on APE is quick and positive. This implies that the change in GDP will cause the APE to go along the same direction as GDP. In addition, the impact of changes in GDP is equally strong for APE. However, interest rates affect the APE in an inverse way in that a rise in the rate of interestS will cause a consequent fall in APE and a decrease in the interest rates will cause a rise in APE. However, the changes in APE because of changes in interest rates are marginal. It is important to note that this chapter assumes that changes in prices of goods and services produced wi ll not lead to changes in APE. Money and Banking It is important for government to regulate money supply in the economy. When the amount of money is in excess, inflation is the outcome. On the other hand, when the supply of money is too little, the economy may experience a recession, high rates of unemployment and deflation. In the US, it is responsibility of the Congress, Federal Reserve System (FRS) and the banks to regulate money supply. Privately owned financial institutions and enterprises that economists refer to as the banks are solely responsible in the creation of money. While the FRS has the power to create money, it only ploughs back the profits made when it mints money in terms of seigniorage. The amount of the money that the FRS puts back into the economy is negligible. In addition, it has an oversight authority to regulate the money supply according to economists. In US, banks refer to financial institutions that have checking accounts. In the entire world, money exist s in terms of coins and notes and checking balances. It is important to demystify that ‘plastic money’ in terms of debit and credit cards serve the purposes of enhancing money transfers. They are not kinds of money. Money supply (M) therefore is an aggregate of coins and currency (CC) plus the checking accounts (CA). As such, any activity that leads to the reduction of money (CA or CC) impacts on the supply of money in a negative way. Since various authorities regulate money supply, it is therefore logical to suppose that it excludes all kinds of money that belong the regulators. For instance, it is absurd to refer to money owned by Federal Reserve System or The Treasury as money. Apparently, 48% of money supply is in coins and notes while the rest is held by banks in terms of checking balances. Hence, it is important for the regulators to control the amount of money that is available to banks for lending or credit purposes. When does the created cash become money? As a forementioned, Federal Banks creates money and store it into its vaults. The banks checking accounts reflect money that is in the banks for various purposes. To this end, the populace withdraws money from the bank accounts creating the need for the bank to ask for money from the Federal Reserve. When the banks receive these amounts of money, they become money in supply and constitute M. Thus, it is upon withdrawal of money that created cash becomes money. It is important to note that various countries and people use dollars across the world. As such, it is absurd to think that CA only refers to domestically available dollars. The rationale is that there exists a myriad of checking accounts outside the US. The banks are referred as such because of their ability to rent and sell check accounts and balances. Customer purchases of checking accounts are the major activity of banks. Besides, a bank must hold a specific proportion of the amount that a customer deposit into a bank account t o be profitable. In addition, a bank may opt to lend money to the customers due to the lucrative nature of the business. As such, it is important to mention that banks ought to engage in the processes of providing cash to customers through loans and other means. This way, the bank remains profitable like any other business. Financial Intermediation and Funding Forgery or counterfeiting currencies is an illegal practice. Members of public must therefore attempt to tap money from the legal money supply channels. The banks play an intermediation role that entails ensuring that people with more than sufficient amount of money balance off with people with insufficient amount of money. Those with insufficient money may be forced to cut down their purchases while those with excess amount of money may lend, increase their purchases or hold onto their money. The banks lure those with excess amount of money to deposit the excess in bank accounts with the promise of earning an interest. As suc h, the banks play the role of ensuring that there is sufficient amount of money to allow transactions within an economy. The deposited excess amount of money allows the banks the ability to issue loans to the people with insufficient amount of money. It is important to note that interest rates are essential in the entire intermediation process in the sense that they offer low interests to those who deposit their money and charge high interests on the loaners. This makes the demand for loans to be modest. The banks are not the only financial institutions that can absorb the excess amount of money from the citizens. The government can also borrow money from the public by issuing treasury bonds. Other institutions sell shares and stock with the same aim of ensuring that excess money in supply is absorbed. As such, there is competition for people to deposit their excess amounts of money to various channels. When there is high competition among the lenders, it is likely that the interest s charged on loans increase while the interests paid to the owners of excess cash also increase. Hence, the market forces play a crucial role in setting the interests paid to depositors and investors and the interests charged on the loaners. It is worth mentioning that the Federal Reserve play a crucial role of instituting measures to reduce or increase the bank reserves. When the Federal Reserve takes such measures, banks respond to them by adjusting the interests charged on loans. This makes loan attractive or less so according to the measures adopted by the Federal Reserve. The lowest rate of interest that a bank can lend is called the prime interest rate and is determined by various financial institutions. Another important aspect of intermediation is the velocity of money (V). This is the amount of times that a single dollar is used to buy goods and services within the country’s output. Currently, the velocity of the dollar is six. In other words, when the banks increase their lending, the velocity of money decreases. However, it increases every time non-banking institutions offer loans to the population. Apparently, the amount of money used to purchase goods and services in an economy can never exceed the amount of money supply (M) multiplied by the velocity of money (V). Thus, it is possible to define the Aggregate Supply of Funding (ASF), which is upper limit that people can purchase given the prevalent velocity of money and the prices of goods and services. This essay on Influence of Economy Concepts was written and submitted by user Eli W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Become a Critic Essays - Television, , Term Papers

Become a Critic April L. Martin HUM/176 May 15, 2011 Greg Enos Become a Critic (Thesis Statement) Reality television has become a staple in American culture. The Real Housewives of New Jersey follows countless life experiences of a select group of women. Through these journeys, friendships are made, and bonds are broken. According to April Martin Review -Adjectives, and Adverbs ( 2011), ?The Real Housewives of New Jersey, offers a dynamic of surprisingly, ambitious women. The Manzo family seems to be the invincible and stimulating family. The Manzo?s will continuously and loyally defend their family, and values. Danielle Staubb appears to be superficial, and deliberately, trying to destroy the Manzo?s family bond, and business. Danielle?s extremely over the top dysfunctional ways has ostracized her from the rest of the housewives.? With all the everyday occurrences happening all around them, one cannot help but feel empathy for the younger children who seem to be wedged between the family friends, and parents. One will get swallowed up into all the dramatic, sensationalized lives these families lead. From their million dollar homes, to the over the top parties, one cannot stop watching. One wants to believe these families main obstacles in life are deciding on which fur coat to wear or what fashion i s in- style for the week. When the truth comes out in a different media form, which is far from the truth. A follow- up show to The Real Housewives of New Jersey called ?Watch What Happens Live!? Gives an individual sneak peak of what really happens behind the scenes. At times this show will give an individual the sense it is scripted as well as the original show with the physical fights, and tears. Watching The Real Housewives of New Jersey does give one a break from his or her everyday life. Whereas one may feel emotion for an individual on this show, he or she must also understand, that these families have chosen to have their private lives in the public view, and at times are acting not so gentleman or feminine like, as they allow the viewer to have the implication their lives are so wonderful, when in all actuality it is not that way. ?Reality? television most likely is not going to be obscure anytime in the near future, for the reason that society likes to ignore for a brief moment the harshness of our culture.

Declaration of the Rights essays

Declaration of the Rights essays For this book review I decided to write about The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. I picked this section of the book, because over all I feel it is a very important subject. Which Im sure that Lynn Hunt did to, otherwise she would have not gave it a whole section. In this section it goes through the debates about The Declaration of Rights. How many of the people thought that the declaration to be necessary for a future constitution. On there other side of the argument many of the other people thought that the declaration would be dangerous by leading people to think there would be massive changes, which they were not looking forward to. There were many speeches given on both sides for and against the declaration. Marquis De Lafayette spoke about man has no other limits than to assure enjoyment to members of their society. Duke Mathieu De Montmorency gave a speech about his wish for the declaration to be clear, simple, and precise. He believed that people are moving forward and could handle and needed these guide lines as long as they were short and understandable. Malouet spoke on his belief that you could not give rules and regulations to some one that has never been had rules before. They had been going on what they thought to be right, and probably would not stand for somebody to tell them how to live their life. The Duke also spoke on how he did not think that you should be able to make people serve in the army or navy, when it was once a choice to made by each individual. However he did agree that the declaration should be be an introduction to the constitution. He urged everyone to accelerate drafting by taking instruction from the work of the committee on the constitution and by postponing for later consideration. Every body agreed that they needed a declaration but the fight came in on what it was going to consist of. They seemed to only agree on not agreeing. Almost every thing got sent t...

Independent Business Analysis Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Independent Business Analysis Project - Essay Example ................. 5. Personal development and action planning.................................................................. 6. Conclusions and reflections............................................................................................ 1. Introduction There is an inherent desire that is relatively universal, known as the similarity-attraction hypothesis, which states individuals tend to seek out others with similar characteristics. Such salient characteristics include personal interests, values, beliefs, skills and even age (Ward and Bochner 2001). Working professionally or even in the social environment, the similarity-attraction hypothesis dictates that it would be rather impractical that all individuals would have the adaptability and cognitive/psychological capacity to adjust within a team environment unless individuals shared the same salient characteristics. This demand for adaptability often creates culture shock, an inability to adjust to a differing culture wi thin an institution (Allison et al. 2012). Symptoms of culture shock vary from person to person, however it is a legitimate phenomenon addressing the psycho-social outcomes when attempting to amend inherent cultural characteristics to meet and address the cultural tendencies of a new cultural dynamic. One of the most fundamental skills gaps that I maintain is a lack of confidence in businesses that do not maintain what I consider to be appropriate expertise especially when I have discovered that my opinions and sentiments about various issues or potential business solutions are legitimate and supersede actual business practice. Culture shock becomes, then, a legitimate phenomenon that impacts team functioning and presentational prowess. To address this and other recognised skills gaps, I will be examining the phenomenon of culture shock and the characteristics required for proper and productive team-working that will provide the template by which to develop a personal plan of action of self-improvement within a future business dynamic. 2. Literature review – culture shock and acculturation The concept of culture shock is a very well-recognised phenomenon occurring with students and even business professionals. Individuals, inherently, tend to seek out other associates, friends or colleagues that maintain similar characteristics in order to find their own personal comfort zone within the social condition (Ward and Bochner 2001). Culture shock occurs when an individual is forced to work within a diverse cultural group or function within a differing social environment where cultural dimensions vary from home country culture. It is a feeling of personal disorientation and lack of personal comfort that occurs when attempting to acclimate oneself to a new culture (Knell 2007). At the psychological level, the inborn desire to socialise and work with individuals that share similar values, languages, and beliefs has significant impact on establishment of social belonging, a universal motivational need that is necessary to achieve self-esteem and the pinnacle of one’s full talents and ambitions (Weiten and Lloyd 2005). However, culture shock often becomes an outcome of being coerced to work with diverse individuals hailing from unique cultures, which can lead to a variety of symptoms ranging from depression and anxiety to even overt hostility (Nebreda 2012). Culture shock is a by-product of the inherent needs related to the similarity-attraction hypothesis where an

Needs assessment and learner analysis Assignment

Needs assessment and learner analysis - Assignment Example Beverly observes that vaccines do not guarantee the success of preventing a disease (2012). Some vaccines are known to fail, therefore making the patient vulnerable to an attack. On this note, the effectiveness of the performance of a vaccine depends on many factors. Stratton (2004) denotes that the nature of a disease is a factor that may affect the effectiveness of a vaccine. For instance tuberculosis has the capability of resisting any form of a vaccine. Stratton (2004) and Beverly (2012) observe that the strain of the vaccine and the timetable of the vaccination program can influence the success or failure of a vaccination program. Some vaccines work better for a particular strain of disease, and other fail to work. It is also important to follow the timetable of the vaccination program, or else the vaccine might fail to work. Another factor is the genetic nature of an individual, and whether he has the capability of generating anti-bodies which will react with the vaccine to prevent a disease (Beverly 2012 and Stratton 2004). Stratton further denotes that the age of an individual plays a greater role in the efficiency of an immunization (2004). For instance, it is useless to immunize adults against polio, because the vaccine will not work. After conducting a needs assessment on the efficiency of early immunization, this paper is therefore a report on the findings, and a learner analysis of the vaccination program. The main audiences of the analysis are parents who serve in the military. The military provides immunization for their officers through the military immunization agency (Lemon, 2002). Lemon further asserts that the agency has the mandate of ensuring that military officers and their children are immunized against diseases that are a threat to their lives (2002). However, it is important to ensure early immunization of their children, since age is a factor in the

Outline the Ways in Which Factors Essay Example for Free

Outline the Ways in Which Factors Essay There are many ways in which factors in children’s home background which may lead to differences in achievement between ethnic groups. The first way is from cultural deprivation, with the socialisation experience of children, values, expectations and norms transmitted at home. Driver and Ballard 1979 argued that high achievement in some Asian groups might be linked to the presence of close knit extended families. However with some ethnic groups many tend to have low income, which may explain why black pupils tend to underachieve as many children from low income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences. Some cultural deprivation theorists argue that many children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences. Evidence suggests that those ethnic groups who tend to underachieve also tend have low incomes. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2007 estimated that 70% of Bangladeshi and over 50% of Pakistani children grow up in poverty, compared to 20% of the white population and 30% of Indians. Unemployment is 3 xs higher in African and Bangladeshi/Pakistani people than for whites and Pakistanis are 2x more likely to be in unskilled/semi skilled jobs compared to whites which can lead to material deprivation. Moynihan 1965 said that many black families are headed by lone mothers and may experience poor care due to the lack of money. Some may have material deprivation because they cannot afford to pay for books and other materials that the child needs to do their work, and many may not have the room to do their work if they live in a cramped home meaning they may not be able to concentrate. This becomes a vicious cycle as if the child receives inadequate socialisation which equals in them failing at school meaning they may become an inadequate parent, which will repeat. Also some theorists say that some black children are socialised into a subculture that instils a fatalistic ‘live for toady’ attitude that does not value education and leaves them unequipped for success. There are other factors which effect different group’s educational achievement, with there being ways in which the education system may encourage separation between children of different ethnic backgrounds, such as labelling and teacher racism, many teachers label their students and sociologists found out that many teachers labelled black children as disruptive and they didn’t want them in their class. Troyna and Williams describe the curriculum in British schools as ethnocentric because it gives priority to white culture and the English language which causes separation between white pupils and other ethnic pupils.

Culture Differences Of Basic Color Terms In Translation

Culture Differences Of Basic Color Terms In Translation Vocabulary is the most active part of language. It can directly reflect the cultural developments. In a sense, vocabulary is the mirror of the culture, so is the color terms. The understanding and feelings to color terms of Chinese and English People are much alike, which underlines the possibility in cross-cultural communication as well as translatability. However the ways of thinking, beliefs, customs and habits of different cultures not only produce failures and misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication but also pose headaches to translators who are trying to produce ideal target texts. For example, color terms, the associations, symbols and implied meanings of color terms to different nations are different because of their different environments, ways of thinking, religious and beliefs. Therefore, in translation practice, the most important is to break the cultural barriers and convey the source cultural message faithfully and effectively. This paper compares and analyzes the culture of the basic color terms in English and Chinese and introduces several methods in translating color terms. This paper first introduces the notions of translation and culture, indicating the important trend in translationcultural translation. Translation has been viewed as cross-cultural communication instead of word to word translation. Then, it analyzes the differences between English and Chinese culture, and the close relationship between translating, language and culture. In the main part, the paper deals with cultural connotations of basic color terms in English and Chinese and the causes for similarities and discrepancies by citing several examples. By the contrastive study of cultural connotations of basic color terms between English and Chinese, we can know more about what is going on in peoples mind, in their language and cultural. Keywords: color terms; cultural differences. Chapter One Introduction Color terms are important parts that we get to know our world. There are many common points in knowing color terms between different cultures. Although the amounts in explaining color terms are different, words describe basic color terms such as Red, Black, Blue, Green are the same. Meanwhile, due to the differences in religions, politics and customs; color terms sometimes generate strong cultural characteristics. Color terms are an important part of vocabulary in every language system. Each country has its own color outlook and peoples color outlook is an important part of culture ones. English and Chinese have a long history in language system, they are both rich in color terms, and the same color terms usually share the same meanings. However, different geographic conditions, religions and other elements result in different cultural associations in these two languages. Misunderstanding happens from time to time and barries have been caused in communications. During the past three decades, translation is regarded as a kind of cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural translation in this paper means to bring the same meanings of the issues form one language to another language instead of words from the forms in English to forms in Chinese. This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one is the introduction of this paper. Chapter two shows the translation and culture, giving a detailed depiction of the relationship between culture and translation, and some of the major discrepancies between English and Chinese culture. Chapter three and four are the main part of this paper, some basic color terms such as Red , Black are put to improve the differences and same places between Chinese and English culture in translating. And at the end of the thesis, namely, in the last chapter, a conclusion is drawn. Chapter Two Color Terms and Culture 2.1 Color Terms Color term means the word which stand for a kind of color. This definition is easily understood, but Xiao Junshi (1982:26) once said that color terms do necessarily mean the same thing as colorful terms. Colorful English may appear as idioms or in figurative expressions, while color terms are words which simply show different colors. Like the onomatopoeic word, a color term has little merit in itself. Only when it suggests the image of the original, or fortifies the sense in the version, it has value in translation. As a part of words, color terms are used in writing to exchange information. Classification of Color Terms There are two main kinds of color terms: basic color terms and object color terms. Lu Hongmei (2006:38) defines basic color terms as words used to describe the color of objects when they appear. Basic color terms including seven kinds of colors. In Chinese, they areà ¨Ã‚ µÃ‚ ¤Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ §Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å" Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ §Ã‚ ´Ã‚ «. In English, they are red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple. Although basic color terms contain only a few words, they are very active. Color Terms History in English In western world, people are more rigorous, they take a scientific attitude towards the objective world and objective knowledge. The oldest theory in color terms history is Aristotles Black and White Theory, in which color is made up of brightness and saturation. At that period, all colors were thought as different degrees of mix of white and black. Black and White Theory was ended by Newton who saw seven colors of the sunlight through prism. Color Terms History in Chinese A lot of plants names are used as color terms, especially after the improving of painting. Blue comes from a kind of plant called blue, and red comes from the plant called madder. (Luo geng, P8, 2004) Many Chinese color terms come from the name of plants or minerals. Although there is no theory about the forming of color terms in Chinese history, it is possible to learn a lot of historical things which have relationships with colors. Countless color terms can be found in Chinese poems, essays and novels. The following sentences are some typical examples. à ¤Ã‚ »-à ¨Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¾-à ¤Ã‚ »-à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃƒ ¥Ã…“ ¨Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å¾-à ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã…  Ãƒ ¦-†¹Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃƒ ¤Ã‚ »-à §Ã…“ ¼Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‹Å" ¯Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à §Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¥Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à §Ã‚ «Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬Å"à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¥Ã…“† Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¥Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¢Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¥Ã…“ ¨Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬Å" ªÃƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã…’à ¨Ã‚ °Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¥Ã…“ ¨Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ £Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã…’à ¨Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ He felt as if his head were spinning and his eyes swam before a kale endoscope of red,yellow,green,black,shiny,square,cylindrical,leaping,dancing,shapes(Zhang Peiji, P64, 1979) In this sentence, the color terms emotive function is showing the feeling, color terms can not be instead by the other kinds of words. Above all, color terms play a very important role in both Chinese and English cultures. At the same time, it is true that a translators task in translating color terms is not an easy task. He is the one who belongs to two language-culture backgrounds. He has to serve as a receptor of one message while being an announcer of message in another language of another culture. It is necessary for a translator to know color terms backgrounds and histories well. 2.2 Language, Culture and Translation Language and Culture Language is one of the important constituents of culture. Douglas(1980) once said, A language is a part of culture and culture is a part of language, the two are intricately interwoven so that one can not separate the two without losing the significance of either language or culture(Douglas, P76, 1980) Languages are used to form production and explain the how the tool works; and in the situation of institutional culture, language is often in use; and mental culture must be explained and wrote by ways of language. So language is an important symbol of the culture. So it is safe to say that language has two important cultural functions. Firstly, it is the way of holding culture; secondly, it is the media in transmitting culture to youths. Language has such an important influence on a culture that some linguists believe that language and culture hold the keys to maintain national or cultural characteristics. Language is important in national sentiment because of its strong and visible symbolism; it becomes an important symbol. At the same time, language is influenced by culture. From a broad sense, language behavior is brought up by culture. That is to say, the ways of language that you use, are linked with your cultural background. In its most basic point, language is a series of rules for their use in relation to one another. Theyre unique from one culture to another. You may find it when you study another language. Here is an example, Confucianism, founded by Confucius more than 2000 years ago, has been deeply rooted in Chinese culture, Chinese people are taught from their childhood to show respect to the elders, be polite to others. This efficaciously explained the scenes that we see today in China and expressions as à ¥Ã‚ °Ã…  Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ §Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ ¼Ã‚ ¼Ã…’And address somebody respectfully titles such as à ¤Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¤Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ °Ã…  to address people and words as à ¥Ã‚ ¯Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒ ¨Ã‹â€ Ã‚ to themselves were so commonly heard. Translation and Culture The fact that translating one language into another is necessarily contained both two cultures that results in the close relationship between culture and translation. In the first point, culture has many limitations on translating. As we all know, culture is the identity of a country, which determines its uniqueness from another culture. Both English and Chinese language have their own series of words and expressions that quite different from other cultures, which makes it impossible to find a totally similar word in the target language that we translate to, except creating a new word. For example, à ¨Ã‚ ®Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¨Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ ®Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¼Ã…’in Chinese and pinkeye and whitegoods in English. Translators should be very careful in translating these words in case of misunderstanding among the readers. Second, the most important roles in translation are to enrich the culture we want to translate to, and to promote the development of the language culture. In a word, language, culture and translation cannot be separated from each other. They depend on each other. Translator should master not only bilingual knowledge but also bicultural knowledge. The Notion of Cultural Translation Translation takes place between languages. With the development of modern translation theories, more and more people believe that translation is a cross-cultural communication. In fact, they have found that cultural factors in international communication are more popular than the purely linguistic differences. Thus in the field of translation studies, translators understanding of translation has changed: from word translation to cultural translation. Shuttleworth (1997:P35) defines cultural translation as any translation which is sensitive to culture as well as linguistic factors. Language is a part of culture, thus translating one language into another can be satisfactory if the translator knows both two culture well. However, language is the soul taker of culture. In the translating course, language is translated or transformed but not culture. The purpose of translating is to make the readers get to know the culture of the countries. Chapter Three Culture of English and Chinese Basic Color Terms 3.1 Contrastive Analysis of Culture of English and Chinese Basic Color terms There are seven basic color terms both in English and Chinese, but the number of color terms are more than 2,000 in the Chinese, and more than 3,000 in English. The English basic color terms are red, pink, yellow, green, blue, black, white, gray, and brown, meanwhile in Chinese they are à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à §Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å" Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à §Ã‚ ´Ã‚ «Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¼Ã…’à §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½,à ¨Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ , Basic color terms are often used, they are main parts of this article. 3.1.1 Cultural Equivalence between Black and à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Black is the basic color in both English and Chinese color system. It has not only its own meaning-the opposite of white, but also include the following meanings. Darkness, Death, Misfortune and Sadness Black is regarded as the unlucky color. As we know, the hell in the western fairy tales and the same world in Chinese mythologies are dark places when criminals die. There are some hobgoblins such asà ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½Ãƒ ¦-  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ¸in Chinese hell and Satan in western hell. When people died, his or her relatives wear in black and they felt sad and grief. So black is also connected with sadness and misfortune. In western religion, Black Friday refers to an unlucky day because Jesus Christ died on Friday. In China football history, there are also a bad phenomenon called Black three-minutein 1989 World Cup, because of the defenders mistake, China Mens football team lose the game with 2-1 in the last three minutes. And they failed to go to Rome to take part in the 1990s Italy World Cup Finals. From then on, the Black three-minute is a nightmare of Chinese football team. Dirtiness, Illegality and Evilness In the Ballet opera Swan Lake, the black swan is the symbol of evil and cattiness. Chinese expressions likeà ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¥Ã‚ º-,à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¦Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã‚ ´show that black in Chinese is also related the bad and evil. In English culture, expressions are explained in the same meaning, for example: Black money (to get the money through the illegal way) Black-hearted (man who are very evil and greed) Black sheep (a bad guy who do harm to his family or group) Cultural Non-equivalence betweenBlackandà ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ In Chinese ancient history, black is regarded as be respect to others: in Xia Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, ministers wear a kind of clothes calledà §Ã‚ ¼Ã‚ Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ £(Ziti), which is made up from a black silks. And black is a color making people feel respect to others, and thats why people wear in black in funerals. Ancients always connected the black with the irons factors-hard, they place the color black as the color of justice. So in the Chinese opera, a person with black face is a justice person, such as BaoZheng in Song Dynasty. Black also has some positive meaning in English language. Black dress and black suit are the most popular clothes in western countries. In some important situations, noted public figures and magnates love to wear in black. And people in symphony orchestra wear in black and its show the respect to the audience. Black-hall means the hall which many VIPs and important persons in it. However, the word black is always connected with the black-skinned people, in early times, the black-skinned people were called Negro, but they thought this salutation was pedagogue, so they choose the word black. In western black-skinned people culture, things are connected with them are dubbed the prefix black such as black English, black belt and black nationalism ,etc. Cultural Equivalence Between White andà §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½ White is the color which opposite to the color black. Brightness In Chinese, animals with white suchà §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ½and others is a lucky symbol, it bring the symbol of peace to people. In western countries, people think angles always in white, and the angle is the hand of God, they bring outlook and happy to human beings. Death and Failure White is the color of death in Chinese traditions. When a person died, his or her relatives wear in white, and the clothes calledà ¤Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ¦Ã…“ , they believe the deaths could go to the heaven. In western countries, the color white also connected with death. White and à §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½ also means failure. This phenonmen can be seen in the war, when one side of the war hang the white flag, it means they accept the failure and the other side is win. Other Connotations Enjoyed by bothwhiteandà §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½ White also makes people feel clean and honest. White man means the person is very honest. White also refers to the White-skinned people; the opposite of the black-skinned people. Cultural Non-equivalence Between White andà §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½ In Chinese operas, White face, for example: CaoCao in Three Kingdom period, symbolizes villainess and brings contempt, people can hardly see the true meaning from his face. Nowadays, white also describes the man who do not understand the meaning the other people says, such asà ¤Ã‚ ½Ã‚  Ãƒ §Ã…“Å ¸Ãƒ §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ½Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã…  Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ White in English also has its unique meaningslove. White Valentines Day is the day lovers stay together and celebrate the day. And it originated in 3rd century in Rome. If a girl or boy receives a gift from a boy or girl on February 14th, and he or she gives another gift on March 14th, the actions are called White Valentines Day. Cultural Equivalence Between Red and à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢ Happiness, Luck, Love and Beauty à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢is the favorite color among Chinese. In Chinese traditional festival-Spring Festival, people in his animal year are wearing in red, and he or she want to get higher. The elders give money to the youths in a red bag calledà §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥Ã…’†¦. And the youths always be happy when they receive à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥Ã…’†¦. In the Chinese traditional weddings, red candles, red veil and red dresses of the brides, all bring the festival atmosphere and make people think that days after wedding will become better and better. Red eggs are given away to friends and relatives on the birth of a baby In western countries, red is the color that shows the love to someone: if a young man give a woman red rose, that means he want to fall in love with the woman, he loves the woman. Aggravation, Violence, Danger and Shyness Red is also linked with same emotions in both English and Chinese. In Chinese, à ¦Ã‚ Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬  Ãƒ §Ã…“ ¼ is used to describe rage and violent actions. The fire truck and alarm light are all painted red to indicate danger. In minds of native speakers of English, red is also associated with sanguineness, danger and violence. However, red face doesnt only mean angry, as we all know, if a boy says I love you. to a girl, the girl also turns her face red, and thats not angry, its shyness. Red is the color of blood, if a person was beat by others and he is injured, the blood could come out from his body, and thats violent. Cultural Non-equivalence between Red andà §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢ The color terms red andà §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢are not equivalent in many ways. In China,à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢is the symbol of revolution and communism. Chinese national flag,à ¤Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬ Ãƒ ¦Ã‹Å"Ã… ¸Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¦, is red which means being stained red by the blood of the revolutionaries, whileà §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ¾is a corner of it. Whats more, à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢in Chinese is often used to express ones envy such asà §Ã…“ ¼Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢, while in English the word having this function is green. Red in English has some other usages. For instance, Red Nose Day is a day on which an appeal is made for donations for research into sudden infant death syndrome, marked by the distribution of plastic red noses to donors. And this is apparently not embodied in the connotations of à §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢in Chinese. 3.2 Causes for Equivalences and Unequivalences Causes for Equivalences Human beings have common factors. They live on the same globe. Although their living and working environment are much different, theyre much in common. Cultures of various countries also have something in common. All these similarities are inevitably reflected in languages. Thats why equivalents can be found in terms of linguistic from and meaning. Black is the color of darkness and some secret and illicit activities always go on in the darkness. So black is extended as illicit. In black market, the business goes on in violation of publicly imposed regulations. Money got through being against ones conscience, such as corruption and bribes, is à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã‚ ±, and smuggled goods are à ©Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã‚ ´ The similarities in connotation of color terms not only result from the similar perception to the world, but also have something to do with customs of people. In both China and English-speaking countries, people usually roll out red carpet for an important visitor, so there is roll out red carpet in English andà ©Ã¢â‚¬Å" ºÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ±Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥Ã…“ °Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¯in Chinese, which indicates a lavish welcome. Causes for Unequivalences In the process of translating, a translator is more often faced with cultural differences. Every country has its own ethnic groups, geographical location, religions beliefs, values, political systems and so on. All these form the differences of national culture, which are also certainly embodied in language, which means culture determines the differences in connotations of color terms. As Lamb (1982: P358) observes, Its clear that religion and culture are inextricably entwined. Most experts agree that religion has endeavored to explain those motions about life that otherwise could not be understood or resolved. The study of religion not only for offers insight into the spiritual and psychological needs of people, but also gives us clues into the social aspects of a culture. The usage of color in religions and their sacred writings exert great influence on the connotations of the color terms. Besides the factors mentioned above, there are other factors influencing the usage of color terms. Some expressions with color terms come from myths, tales and some from literature works. Here we have only named some of the major causes due to the length limitation of this thesis paper. Chapter Four Compensation for the Loss in the Translation of Color Terms Literal Translation Catford (1965: P25) argues that translation takes word-for-word translation as its starting point, although because of the necessity of conforming to TL(target language) grammar, the final TT(translation teaching) may also display group-group or clause-clause equivalence. In other words, literal translation aims at preserving the most possible cultural information of the meaning without changing the linguistic forms of the source text, so by offering a foreignized translation it can get not only a very high degree of the informativeness of the cultural meaning transferred from the SL (second language) text, but also a rather high degree of the effectiveness of the transferring of the cultural meaning. Of course, the translation can only be foreigized to such a degree that the target text is still readable. Besides, in a mass of linguistic facts, there are some expressions both in English and Chinese adapting the same color symbols and carrying the same cultural connotations, thus literal translation becomes the only appropriate strategy. Free Translation Newmark (1988: P46) defined free translation as reproduce the matter without the manner or the content without the form of the original. From the perspective of cultural translation, the awareness of culture is of great importance for a translator to obtain an ideal rendering in translating practice. A good or ideal translation should accord with the demand and tendency of a particular time and should be understandable and acceptable so that is can enlighten readers to recognize foreign cultural elements. Because of lack of communication, in the past domestication (e.g. free translation) was preferred and most of those renderings that employed foreignizing methods (e.g. literal translation, transliteration) couldnt widely spread. However, because of tendency of cultural integration, foreignizing, methods can serve better for the purpose of cultural translation. Chapter Five Conclusion In the past several decades, cultural translation became an important issue in the field of translation. This paper deals with studying the color terms and its method of translation. It is easy to see that word meaning is the mirror of peoples cultural and social backgrounds. But it may be different in its meaning of this word from the other cultural groups. To better explain the methods of translation in color terms, the author compared the English and Chinese cultures in color terms from sources including historical background, religions, and so on. According to these Chinese and English cultural discrepancies, it is easy to understand the reasons why these two peoples think in different ways, which we should take into consideration. However, there are some shortcomings in this paper. First, the comparison of this paper only focuses on the basic color terms. Second, there is a large number of expressions with color terms in both Chinese and English, and the author cannot write them all, but examples given are enough in this paper because the target of the paper is not only to show the differences and same points., the more important point is to understand the reasons why the similarities and differences between these two cultures. With the development of globalization and international communication, it is necessary to learn cultures well before translating the language which comes from the culture. Color terms are more and more important in translating language. Moreover, mastering color terms translation improves the abilities of translation practice and cross-cultural communication.

Anti-Bullying Laws

Anti-bullying laws â€Å"When people hurt you over and over, think of them like sand paper. They may scratch you and hurt you a bit, but in the end, you end up polished and they end up useless†. A quote by Chris Colfer. The number of kids that get bullied everyday are increasing in the state of Arizona. In order to stop the bullying in the schools of mesa, Arizona must create a stronger anti-bullying law. To begin with, over the years the percentages of kids getting bullied are getting tremendously big.According to Winnie Hu kids think that there parents will laugh and teachers wont care that’s the reason they won’t speak up (Hu 13). everyday half a dozen of complaints said Dr. Bergacs from New York Times Magazine (Bergacs 8). Secondly kids are too scared to speak up and tell someone. Kids say it’s hard to tell someone if they are getting bullied. DeSean Jackson says at a young age it’s hard to do anything about it. They say they put their own lives in danger (Jackson 12).Finally, some kids that get bullied at school can affect their concentration at school. Parents will know something is wrong because there kids are doing bad at school . they say the bullying will just get worst. In conclusion, the anti-bullying law must work to stop bullying in the schools because bullying hurts kids and the number of kid being bullying is increasing each year. Bullying must be taken away from schools because bullies or bullied get hurt. This way kid ca stop getting hurt.

Identify What Is Happening in the External Environment in Terms

There are three external factors that affect business: Political, Legal and Social. Political factors involve political stability, government support, taxation and direct support. Legal factor involves things such as employment laws, consumer laws, it also influence attitudes such as healthy eating. Social factor involves education, age, ethics, attitudes etc. Political factors An activity related to government policy and its administrative practices that can have an effect on something.Most business operators will keep a watchful eye on any political factor, such as new legislation or regulatory shifts, which could have a substantial impact on how their company operates and its bottom line. Political decisions involve making choices that affect large number of people and business. Government support for different types of organization- government supports different organizations in different ways. There are three types of organizations- private, public and nonprofit/voluntary.In pri vate sector, government tries to create an environment where business can compete. In the nonprofit/voluntary sector, government support business by giving various grants and tax reliefs. In the public sector the government covers the losses made by government owned organizations. Governments use taxation to encourage or discourage certain economic decisions. For example, reduction in taxable personal (or household) income by the amount paid as interest on home mortgage loans results in greater construction activity, and generates more jobs.Government also puts high taxes, for example they put high taxes on cigarettes and alcohol to discourage smoking and drinking, and high taxes on fuel to reduce pollution by discouraging people of driving cars so much. Government also tries enhancing the skills of the population. They enhance education and training help to increase skills of working population. They provide a range of training and creates the educational framework including differ ent types of qualifications, such as Apprenticeships and NVQs. Legal factors Business must operate within the framework of the law.There are three laws that affect business: Company law- how business set up and run, Contract law- contracts that business make with suppliers, employees and etc, and Competition law- how business are allowed to compare with each other. The Contract Law is a set of rules governing the relationship, content and validity of an agreement between two or more persons regarding the sale of goods, provision of services or exchange of interests or ownership. The reason for this is due to the big number of examples in which contracts can arise in everyday life.Contract law is law that governs oral and written agreements associated with exchange of goods and services, money, and properties. It includes consumer protection and employment law. Consumer protection involves: †¢Sales of Goods Act, this act means that the retailers have to sell goods as they are de scribed and satisfactory quality. It means that marketing should describe the product accurately. These laws are aimed at safeguarding consumers by ensuring that goods offered for sale are reasonably safe, and meet certain standards of quality to make them fit for their intended use. The consumer credit act this applies to business who sells goods on credit, or companies that lend money. Business need to be licensed by the Office of Fair Trading. This act wants business to give their customers updates on their account regularly. If the customer falls behind the repayments the FOS may extend the time for the customer to repay their debt. †¢Employment law means that employees are also protected at work. The contract of employment should include names of both parties, job title and description, hours of work, wages etc. Social factorsAre factors that influence individuals' personality, attitudes and lifestyle. Demographic issues, when a population of a country is growing, there is an increase in goods and services and people available to work. Changes in structure means aging population. When the number of older people increase fast the demand for some goods increase, for example wheel chairs, anti-aging creams, world cruises etc. Household and families, there are increasing number of single-person households in the uk. The average marriage age is increasing aswell and many people now live alone.Education- the level of education is very important nowadays. In almost all industries employers are expecting employees to have a good information about technology, and have good skills at the job they’re doing. Attitudes to work influence relationships between employers and employees. Britain has developed a long working hour’s culture compared to France and Italy. How external factors affect McDonalds in the UK and Lithuania McDonald’s is the world largest chain of fast food restaurants with more than 30000 restaurants serving 52 million custo mers in more than 100 countries each day.McDonald’s primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, french-fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes and desserts. More recently, it has begun to offer salads, wraps and fruit. Each McDonald’s restaurant is operated by franchise, an affiliate, or the corporation itself. The corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants. McDonald’s revenues grew 27% over the three years ending in 2007 to $22. 8 billion, and 9% growth in operating income to $ 3. billion. Within the UK there are approximately 1200 restaurants employing over 85,000 people. In Lithuania there are just 9 restaurants employing less than 200 people. Political factors In the UK McDonald's main competitors are Chippy Shops, Subway and KFC. McDonalds always needed to treat competitors carefully. That's way the factor related with competitor like competit ors product quality, service, price competition, market, sales, growth everything impacting McDonalds. In Lithuania the only competitor for McDonalds is Hesburger.There are not many fast food restaurants so there is not much competition going on. In both countries employees are impacting McDonalds because company is recruiting, training staff for company. It is not uncommon for McDonalds to be the employer of first resort for young people just entering the workforce, older workers desiring extra income, or for those planning on transferring from one corporation to another. So, employee is impacting McDonalds in this way. Legal factors In both counties McDonalds producing their product and they are serving those directly to customers.That's way the factor of product and service is impacting McDonalds. Product quality, product variety, quick and friendly service, every things are important for company. Those got an important impact on McDonalds. Employment law also affects McDonalds i n the UK and Lithuania. In the UK minim wage is: Apprentice- ? 2. 65, under 18- ? 3. 68, 18 to 20- ? 4. 98 , and over 21- ? 6. 19. In Lithuania, there are not hourly wages, but the minimum salary for everyone in Lithuania is 232 euro a month.People in England has more money to spend on fast food restaurants than Lithuanians due to a larger income, therefore McDonald restaurants make much bigger profits in the UK than in Lithuania. Social factors In the UK there are many more McDonald’s restaurants than in Lithuania, mainly because of people’s Lithuanian people are more keen on healthy eating than British people. Most of Lithuanian people grow their own vegetables and fruit; they also like to buy organic foods from the market, and stays away from fast food restaurants. McDonalds are not so popular in Lithuania as it is in the UK because of different coulture.

How to Get a Marketing Job With No Traditional Experience - CoSchedule

How to Get a Marketing Job With No Traditional Experience What if I told you that it’s possible to land a six-figure job in marketing regardless of the experience you have right now? You’d probably say I’m full of it. I mean, if that were true, wouldn’t everybody be doing it? Not quite Five years ago I graduated from college with a biology degree, a 2.5 GPA, and a job in the medical field. Two years later, I landed job offers from Google, Microsoft, and Twitter to work on their marketing products and my salary jump into the six-figure range. Most people struggle to land a job they love for two reasons: They follow the same outdated job search advice that every other candidate is using They don’t put in the extra effort it takes to build new skills and beat out the competition In this post, I’m going to walk you through the exact process I used to build the marketing skills I needed to land jobs at the world’s best companies without a degree or job in marketing. I’ll also teach you how you can get paid to learn and create a second source of income along the way! [Cookie Get Your Free Marketing Resume Template || https://media..com/uploads/Blog-Austin-LandAJob-mockup.png || Download  Now || https://media..com/uploads/Entry-Level-Marketing-Resume-Template.docx How to get a #marketing job with no traditional experience its possible!By the end of this read, you’ll have a clear path from where you are now to the marketing job of your dreams. Let’s dive in: Step 1: Get Clear On What You Want One of the biggest mistakes that career changers make is heading straight to a job board and blasting out dozens of applications. The first step is any job search should always be getting crystal clear on exactly what you want. While this article is going to show you the exact steps you can take to land a job in marketing, by no means is it going to be easy. Applying for a new role, especially one that doesn’t exactly align with your background, is a full time job in and of itself. You don’t want to spend four months job searching only to end up in a role you can’t stand. The good news is that this problem is super easy to avoid by simply doing your research before you get started! went ahead and did most of the heavy lifting for us by researching and breaking down the different types of marketing roles and consolidating them in this article. Reading that will give you a high level overview of the marketing landscape and help you take the first step in your search. The Decision Funnel For Marketing: Digital vs. Traditional When it comes to marketing, there are two overarching fields: traditional and digital. The first decision you need to make is which field you want to be a part of. Traditional marketing includes â€Å"old school† tactics like print advertising in newspapers, TV spots, or physical coupons. Digital marketing is comprised of all the tools and tactics you’ll find online like Content Marketing, Facebook Ads, Search Engine Optimization, Social Media Marketing, etc. If you’re looking for a career that pays well in a field that’s primed to rapidly expand in the next 5-10 years, the answer is easy: you’re going the digital route. Digital marketing has been growing at an astonishing rate in 2017, advertisers spent $209 billion on digital  which made up 41% of the market (compared to traditional media’s 35%): Image courtesy of Recode.net That trend is only going to grow with Statistia reporting that advertisers plan to increase their digital budgets 12.3% in the next 12 months, while traditional media budgets continue to decline.

Policies of Lenin, Stalin and Khrushchev essays

Policies of Lenin, Stalin and Khrushchev essays In contrasting the social, economic, and political policies of Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, and Nikita Khrushchev, it can be seen that Lenin and Stalins policies were alike in many ways, although Stalins were a bit harsher, and that Khrushchevs policies differed from those of both Lenin and Stalin. Mainly, Lenins social policies dealt with the church and religious affairs. Regarding the Russian Orthodox Church as a reactionary institution, the Bolsheviks sought to destroy it. Church and state were separated, church property was seized, and many churches, monasteries, and convents were closed. Religious instruction was prohibited, and only civil marriage ceremonies had legal recognition. Also, the Bolsheviks replaced the Julian calendar with the Gregorian calendar and abolished titles of nobility. In economics, Lenin recognized the need for changes and introduced the New Economic Policy. Under the NEP, the state retained ownership and control of large industries. The state also controlled transportation and foreign trade. A tax in kind, payable in grain, was levied on the peasants, who could then sell their surplus produce on the market, which provided the peasants with an incentive to produce more. Peasants were also permitted to rent additional land and to hire labor. Len ins political policies included dissolving the constituent assembly after just one session. Lenin also organized a secret police force, know as the Cheka, to combat counterrevolutionary activity. By dissolving the constituent assembly and establishing a secret police, Lenin began the process of creating a Bolshevik dictatorship to replace the autocracy of the tsars. In 1924, Lenin died from stroke and was replaced by Stalin. Like Lenin, Stalins social policies were to get rid of religion. In 1929, the government again struck at religion. Many churches, synagogues, and mosques were closed or put to other uses. Schools, w...

Perspectives on operations management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Perspectives on operations management - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that operations management strategy is simply a tool which can help the organizations to carry out their business inefficient manner. Operations strategies are the main key to the measurement of performance of any business entity. The main concern of business entities is how they will survive and can continue their functions in an effective manner. For this purpose, an efficient operations strategy set the long-term directions for the business and these directions ensure the future success of any organization. An efficient operations strategy can help the business entities to win the race and stand at top of the crowd in a competitive environment. Â  X Company is the chain of independent retail outlets in Hartwell in Essex and opening a new Wal-Mart store at the edge of the town. The advice is needed about the potential operation strategy in response to the recent opening of Wal-Mart store. The authors have prepared a plan for the future b usiness operation strategy for the new Wal-Mart store. According to many successful financial advisors, Operations strategy for any business has a direct impact on the profitability levels and corporate strategy. Structural design is the main element of the operations strategy. As the Company X is running its business as a retail outlet and wants to set the new business operation strategy for new Wal-Mart store. There are some key points for the structural design of new operations strategy in the paper.

Rules of Engagement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rules of Engagement - Essay Example ROE can be specific or general. Since they were developed, ROE have had large variations between various wars. It should be noted that ROE may be derived from national or regional law in order to be applied in a particular operation. It is designed to ensure victory through disciplined and appropriate use of force (Collins, 2005). This paper will seek to correlate the understanding of ROE with the limited war ideology and its assumptions as they are seen through the experiences and perspective of the six levels in the Vietnam War: individual soldiers in the field; battalion commanders; division commanders; General William Westmoreland; Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara; and President Lyndon Johnson. In the Vietnam War, President Lyndon Johnson made a decision of not mobilizing the National guards because he felt that doing so might signal wrong intentions to the Chinese and Soviets, leading to direct intervention into the war (Moss, 2010). The then Secretary of Defense Robert McNa mara recommended to President Johnson on July 20, 1965, that he should mobilize about 235,000 National reserves and guards. However, the President felt that the war in Vietnam would end within one year and that the soldiers would be needed to be involved in a war in Korea in case it erupts again (Dorschel, 2011). It came to emerge later that the United States failed because it underestimated the scale of the challenges in the war. Also, it failed because it backed undemocratic and unpopular government and failed to gain the approval of the people of America (Schulzinger, 1998). In direct correlation of ROE to the war, it occurred that the ranks of the National Guards swelled at the same time as the resentment of the active army. The active army started to view the Guards as dodgers. The period after the Vietnam War witnessed the beginning of the Total Force Policy era which saw the active army treating the National Guards with indifference and bias (Moss, 2010). What became clear wa s that the Guard infantry soldiers were able to rise to the occasion as required by ROE and completed their missions successfully (Logevall, 1999). ROE requires that the employment of National Guard combat units should be done by the combatant combatants for planning and requesting their participation in the campaign. The National Guard is the Army’s reserve force. They are trained and are always ready for deployment to areas of operations and can also assume the departing active units’ role. The Active Army is made up of 33 combat bridges (Moss, 2010). In the Vietnam War, General William Westmoreland commanded the United States’ military operations during its height from 1964 to 1968 (Dorschel, 2011). Later on, he served as the Chief of Staff of the Army. In accordance to ROE, General Westmoreland expressed optimism in his public statements regarding the war; he reported that American ground and air forces were wearing down the Army of the North Vietnam (Schulz inger, 1998). It should be pointed out that ROE relates ideology with international or aggressive actions. It is against this background that the American foreign policy during the war was aimed at pushing the American’s mission, and particularly safeguarding its security interests in the international arena (Collins, 2005). Ideology served to define the legitimacy of the action, as well as defining what